Abstract
Andrews and colleagues (1999) development of the Risk-Need-Responsivity model was a watershed moment for the field. As a result, Risk-Needs Assessments (RNAs) were shaped to identify needs domains, in which sub-scale scores are used to guide program-matching. Yet, despite ubiquitous use, needs assessments are an afterthought in RNA development, failing to demonstrate evidence and support for widespread application. Using 111,731 reentrants assessed via the Static Risk Offender Needs Guide–Revised (STRONG-R), we redesigned the needs assessment and establish construct validity via exploratory, confirmatory, multi-group confirmatory factor analysis, correlation, receiver operating characteristics, and regression techniques. Five multi-dimensional dynamic domains and a Global Needs Factor are established, demonstrating gender and race/ethnicity measurement invariance, moderate recidivism prediction accuracy, and relative gender and race/ethnicity parity. In addition to strong findings, we provide step-by-step instructions for the (re)development and validation of correctional needs assessments. Policy implications discus the importance of evaluating and updating current RNAs.
Zachary Hamilton
Professor
My research centers on innovation in risk and needs assessment development.
Jennifer Tostlebe
Assistant Professor
My research focuses on criminological theory and empirical tests of it within institutional corrections and prisoner reentry, system responses to incarcerated and previously incarcerated individuals, and the intersection between individual differences and social influences.
Baylee Allen-Flores
Ph.D. Candidate
My research interests are risk-needs assessments, implementation science, prison misconduct, and prison policy.
John Ursino
Ph.D. Candidate
My research focuses on advancing evidence-based practices in criminal justice. Primary areas of research include evaluating and constructing risk-need assessments to enhance decision-making processes, addressing challenges related to prison and jail crowding, and exploring correctional system reforms.
Alex Kigerl
Research Associate
I am an RNA development expert, specializing in data management and analysis.